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Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)DESCRIPTIONOnce used to manufacture candy, liquorice has numerous health benefits that have been enjoyed throughout the world. One of the most biologically active herbs known, it affects the immune, circulatory, renal, respiratory and Endocrine Systems. Because liquorice acts as an anti-inflammatory, it can be used to treat the symptoms of many external and internal disorders. Recent research has found a use for the liquorice-component, carbenoxolone Sodium, in modern anti-ulcer drugs. In folklore, liquorice root is often used for its estrogenic properties. HERBAL USESLiquorice has been used since ancient times as a food and a medicine. Chinese herbal formulas nearly all contain liquorice, which functions to harmonise the various herbs in each prescription. Liquorice contains a number of active ingredients. Glycyrrhizin possesses anti-inflammatory, Cough-suppressant, antiviral, estrogen-like, and aldosterone-like activities (1). Aldosterone causes fluid retention, increased blood pressure, and Potassium loss in the body. Deglycyrrhizinated liquorice (DGL), therefore, is a safer product, although it may not retain all the benefits of whole liquorice. SUGGESTED INTAKESPart of the plant used: ROOT. For Ulcers, take two to four 380-mg tablets of DGL before meals and at bedtime. Use with conventional therapy. For mouth sores, suck on two to four 380-mg tablets of DGL before meals and at bedtime. For respiratory problems, take 1 to 2 g of liquorice root 3 times daily for no more than 1 week. For Eczema, Psoriasis, or Herpes, apply liquorice cream twice daily to the affected area. For Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, consult a physician. High dosages of whole liquorice are required. Significant side effects may result. SUPPLEMENTAL USESUlcers: Mouth sores: Heartburn: Skin disorders: Respiratory problems: Chronic Fatigue: Liquorice has also been suggested for the following: liver diseases (11,12), menopausal symptoms, cancer prevention, High Cholesterol, and Immune System health (13). However, little evidence of its effectiveness are available. SAFETY AND PRECAUTIONSWhile thorough studies on safety have not yet been conducted, liquorice appears to be non-toxic. Side effects are rare. Whole liquorice can cause fluid retention, high blood pressure, and loss of Potassium if more than 3 g per day is taken for more than six weeks. Individuals with high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, or kidney disease are advised to avoid liquorice root. Safety in young children, nursing or pregnant women, and patients with severe liver or kidney disease has not been determined. INTERACTIONS AND CONTRA-INDICATIONSLiquorice may interfere with corticosteroid treatment, such as prednisone (14). Long-term use of liquorice may be dangerous if one is on digitalis or cardiac glycosides. If one is on thiazide or loop diuretics, use of liquorice may cause excessive loss of Potassium. Regular use of DGL with aspirin or other anti-inflammatory drugs may help lower the risk of Ulcers. REFERENCES1. Newall C, et al. Herbal medicines: A guide for health-care professionals. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 1996: 183-184. | 
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